Śramaṇic Traditions
by johnataylor · 10 things on NewTwos
- Jainism: Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that emphasizes non-violence, truth, and non-attachment. It was founded by Mahavira in the 6th century BCE. Jains follow a strict code of ethics and strive for spiritual liberation through practices such as meditation, fasting, and self-discipline.
- Buddhism: Buddhism is a spiritual tradition that originated in ancient India and was founded by Gautama Buddha in the 5th century BCE. Buddhists seek to attain enlightenment and end suffering through the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Meditation, mindfulness, and ethical conduct are important aspects of Buddhist practice.
- Ajivikas: Ajivikas were an ascetic sect in ancient India that emerged around the same time as Jainism and Buddhism. Founded by Makkhali Gosala, the Ajivikas believed in the concept of fate and determinism. They practiced extreme asceticism and believed that everything in the universe was predestined.
- Ājīvikas: Ājīvikas were a heterodox school of thought in ancient India that believed in the existence of a cosmic force called niyati, which determined the fate and actions of all beings. They emphasized fatalism and believed that all events were predetermined. The Ājīvikas were known for their distinctive clothing and ascetic lifestyle.
- Cārvāka: Cārvāka, also known as Lokāyata, was a materialistic school of thought in ancient India. The Cārvākas rejected the existence of the soul, afterlife, and religious rituals. They believed in the primacy of sensory perception and advocated for a hedonistic lifestyle, emphasizing the pursuit of pleasure and material wealth.
- Digambara: Digambara is a major sect of Jainism that believes in the complete renunciation of worldly possessions, including clothing. Digambara monks practice nudity as a symbol of their detachment from material possessions. They also adhere to strict dietary restrictions and engage in meditation and other spiritual practices.
- Svetambara: Svetambara is another major sect of Jainism that allows the use of white clothing. Unlike the Digambaras, Svetambara monks and nuns wear simple white robes. They also believe in the use of certain tools for daily activities, such as brooms, while practicing non-attachment to them. Svetambara Jains emphasize compassion, non-violence, and meditation.
- Please note that this is not an exhaustive list, but it provides an overview of some of the main Śramaṇic traditions.
- Part of my fun with AI series of Twos lists. Shared for your enjoyment & education.